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        <title xml:lang="eng">Characterization of Microbiological and Invertebrate Biodiversity in the El Pelado Marine Reserve (REMAPE) at the Taxonomic, Metabolomic, and Metagenomic Levels for Use in Human and Animal Health.</title>
        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Gabriela</givenName>
                <surName>Agurto-Rodríguez</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral-CENAIM</organizationName>
            <positionName>Responsable de base de datos</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>San Pedro-Manglaralto-Santa Elena</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Santa Elena</city>
                <administrativeArea>Santa Elena</administrativeArea>
                <country>EC</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>agurtor@espol.edu.ec</electronicMailAddress>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-9547-8020</userId>
        </creator>
        <metadataProvider>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Maria Gabriela</givenName>
                <surName>Agurto-Rodriguez</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral-CENAIM</organizationName>
            <positionName>Responsable de base de datos</positionName>
            <address>
                <country>EC</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>agurtor@espol.edu.ec</electronicMailAddress>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-9547-8020</userId>
        </metadataProvider>
        <associatedParty>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Maria Gabriela</givenName>
                <surName>Agurto Rodriguez</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral - CENAIM</organizationName>
            <positionName>Responsable de Base de Datos</positionName>
            <address>
                <country>EC</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>agurtor@espol.edu.ec</electronicMailAddress>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-9547-8020</userId>
            <role>processor</role>
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        <pubDate>
            2026-02-02
        </pubDate>
        <language>spa</language>
        <abstract>
            <para>Collection of sessile marine invertebrates, collected under research permit No. 005-17 IC-FAU-DPSE/MA. This collection was taken from the El Pelado Marine Reserve (REMAPE).</para>
        </abstract>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
            <keyword>Arthropoda</keyword>
            <keyword>Porifera</keyword>
            <keyword>Chordata</keyword>
            <keyword>Cnidaria</keyword>
            <keyword>Echinodermata</keyword>
            <keyword>Mollusca</keyword>
            <keyword>REMAPE</keyword>
            <keyword>CENAIM</keyword>
            <keyword>ESPOL</keyword>
            <keyword>sessile invertebrate</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Specimen</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <intellectualRights>
            <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
        </intellectualRights>
        <distribution scope="document">
            <online>
                <url function="information">http://www.cenaim.espol.edu.ec/biodiversidad_REMAPE</url>
            </online>
        </distribution>
        <distribution scope="document">
            <online>
                <url function="download">http://patrimonio.ambiente.gob.ec/iptmae/archive.do?r=inmase_ce</url>
            </online>
        </distribution>
        <coverage>
            <geographicCoverage>
                <geographicDescription>The El Pelado Marine Reserve (REMAPE) is part of Ecuador&apos;s national system of protected areas. REMAPE comprises a marine area consisting of a rocky reef with 13 underwater shoals with coral patches and the islet of El Pelado, two mangrove areas, and the coastal villages of Palmar, Ayangue, San Pedro, and Valdivia.
(El Pelado Marine Reserve. (2022, July 28). Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 6:56 p.m., September 20, 2022. https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reserva_marina_El_Pelado&amp;oldid=145031544.)</geographicDescription>
                <boundingCoordinates>
                    <westBoundingCoordinate>-80.818</westBoundingCoordinate>
                    <eastBoundingCoordinate>-80.723</eastBoundingCoordinate>
                    <northBoundingCoordinate>-1.928</northBoundingCoordinate>
                    <southBoundingCoordinate>-2.027</southBoundingCoordinate>
                </boundingCoordinates>
            </geographicCoverage>
            <temporalCoverage>
                <rangeOfDates>
                    <beginDate>
                        <calendarDate>2015-08-07</calendarDate>
                    </beginDate>
                    <endDate>
                        <calendarDate>2019-06-12</calendarDate>
                    </endDate>
                </rangeOfDates>
            </temporalCoverage>
            <taxonomicCoverage>
                <generalTaxonomicCoverage>The records in this collection comprise 143 species, 84 genera, 58 families, 31 orders, 8 classes, and 6 phyla.</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Arthropoda</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Chordata</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Cnidaria</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Echinodermata</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Mollusca</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Porifera</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicCoverage>
        </coverage>
        <maintenance>
            <description>
                <para></para>
            </description>
            <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>daily</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
        </maintenance>
        <contact>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Gabriela</givenName>
                <surName>Agurto-Rodríguez</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral-CENAIM</organizationName>
            <address>
                <city>Santa Elena</city>
                <administrativeArea>Santa Elena</administrativeArea>
                <country>EC</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>agurtor@espol.edu.ec</electronicMailAddress>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-9547-8020</userId>
        </contact>
        <methods>
            <methodStep>
                <description>
                    <para>The sampling methodologies generally involved collecting solitary and colonial species in such a way as not to affect biodiversity.  The collection was carried out with the aid of Ziploc bags and nets to transport the bags containing the samples underwater.  In the case of Cnidaria and Porifera groups, sampling was carried out with scissors, and in the case of Chordata, with blunt knives.
The samples were photographed in situ.</para>
                </description>
            </methodStep>
            <methodStep>
                <description>
                    <para>Once collected, the samples were taken aboard a boat and placed in containers filled with seawater from the site. The specimens were then transported to the Taxonomy Laboratory at CENAIM-ESPOL. In the laboratory, they were separated into containers with seawater from the site, photographed, cleaned of detritus, and recorded in a physical logbook. The logbook recorded the assigned code with the corresponding description of its morphological characteristics and observation of any symbionts present. In addition, the laboratories that were designated for the subsamples and method of preservation were recorded.</para>
                </description>
            </methodStep>
            <sampling>
                <studyExtent>
                    <description>
                        <para>The samples were collected from rocky and intertidal areas of the El Pelado Marine Reserve (REMAPE). The collection sites were: Among the rocky and intertidal areas sampled are: Acuario, Ayangue Bahía, Ayangue Costa, Ayangue intertidal, Ayangue Sur, Bajo 40, Bajo Tello, La Pared, La Viejita, Laberinto, Líneas de CENAIM, Palmar, Rabo del Viejo, San Pedro Intertidal, San Pedro Subtidal, and  Area protegida.</para>
                    </description>
                </studyExtent>
                <samplingDescription>
                    <para>Sampling was carried out in rocky or intertidal areas, as the most important species are sessile invertebrates. The average depths of these subtidal zones ranged from 2 to 30 meters.</para>
                </samplingDescription>
            </sampling>
        </methods>
        <project id="Collection of marine sessile invertebrates">
            <title>Characterization of Microbiological and Invertebrate Biodiversity in the “El Pelado Marine Reserve” (REMAPE) at the Taxonomic, Metabolomic, and Metagenomic Levels for Use in Human and Animal Health</title>
            <personnel>
                <individualName>
                    <givenName>Jenny</givenName>
                    <surName>Rodríguez</surName>
                </individualName>
                <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0002-4773-0700</userId>
                <role>principalInvestigator</role>
            </personnel>
            <abstract>
                <para>The National Center for Aquaculture and Marine Research (CENAIM) sought to respond to the challenges of the national program for good living, which guarantees the rights of nature by promoting a healthy and sustainable environment, through a project that pursues the valorization and sustainable use of biodiversity, with applications in food, health, aquaculture, and conservation. Consistent with the center&apos;s mission and considering the significant gaps that exist in this area in the country, the study of marine biodiversity presents an opportunity for scientific and technological development through biodiscovery.</para>
            </abstract>
            <funding>
                <para>Funded by the Secretariat of Higher Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation (SENESCYT) through Project PIC-14-CENAIM-001</para>
            </funding>
            <studyAreaDescription>
                <descriptor name="generic"
                            citableClassificationSystem="false">
                    <descriptorValue>The equatorial front zone is subject to a strong thermohaline gradient due to the mixing of cold and warm waters and the upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters. It is characterized by its biodiversity and constitutes a functional biodiversity hotspot. (http://www.nature.com/news/new-measure-shifts-biodiversity-focus-1.13800). Within this zone is the El Pelado Marine Reserve (131 km²), which in October 2012 was incorporated into the National Heritage of Protected Areas (Official Register 802, Agreement 118). The reserve is located in the province of Santa Elena and covers the area of Playa del Palmar, Ayangue, and Valdivia. Based on these advantages, it was selected as the project&apos;s working site. The oceanographic conditions and rocky environments guarantee functional diversity, complex ecological interactions between organisms and their microorganisms, and a large reservoir of metabolites.</descriptorValue>
                </descriptor>
            </studyAreaDescription>
        </project>
    </dataset>
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        <metadata>
            <gbif>
                <dateStamp>2022-09-20T03:09:25.930+00:00</dateStamp>
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                <citation>Agurto-Rodríguez G, Agurto-Rodriguez M G (2026). Characterization of Microbiological and Invertebrate Biodiversity in the El Pelado Marine Reserve (REMAPE) at the Taxonomic, Metabolomic, and Metagenomic Levels for Use in Human and Animal Health.. Version 1.7. Escuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral. Occurrence dataset. http://patrimonio.ambiente.gob.ec/iptmae/resource?r=inmase_ce&amp;v=1.7</citation>
                <resourceLogoUrl>http://patrimonio.ambiente.gob.ec/iptmae_test/logo.do?r=inmase_ce</resourceLogoUrl>
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                    <collectionName>Collection of marine sessile invertebrates</collectionName>
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                <specimenPreservationMethod>alcohol</specimenPreservationMethod>
                <specimenPreservationMethod>dried</specimenPreservationMethod>
                <specimenPreservationMethod>formalin</specimenPreservationMethod>
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